Tech Blog

• Removed one of the panels. I removed the bottom panel. To retain the list of opened windows I added window list applet to top panel. The trash applet also you can add to top panel. For switching the desktop I uses keyboard short cuts (Ctrl+Alt+Arrow), so that is not a problem


• Reduced size of the panel. By default gnome panel does not reduce the size after a limit(24pixels I remember). If you want to reduce more than that limit, you have to reduce the font size and icon size. I set my application font size to 8px. For reducing icon size I did a hack I got somewhere from internet. Go to the Icons directory you r currently using(either in /usr/share/icons/< icontheme>/ or .icons/< icontheme>/). Rename the 24x24 directory to something else. Create a new link to 16x16 with the name 24x24. Then I could considerably reduce the panel size. U can see that the top panel is enough to include all opened windows. A small panel looks better than a bigger one


• For a nicer look I added a awn dock and put it in auto hide option so that it won't cover opened applications.
  

        int[] array = new int[size];
        try {
            BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(System.in));
            for (int j = 0; j < array.length ; j++) {
                    int k = Integer.parseInt(br.readLine());
                    array[j] = k;
            }
         }catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
         }

        int[] array = new int[size];
        try {
            Scanner in = new Scanner(System.in);
            for (int j = 0; j < array.length ; j++) {
                    int k = in.nextInt();
                    array[j] = k;
            }
         }catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
         }

hash@ssl51:~$ fortune einstein
"The eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility."

1. 
   Create a file containing the quotes (items to be displayed) such that each quote is seperated by '%' symbol.
   



"Any intelligent fool can make things bigger, more complex, and more violent. It takes a touch of genius -- and a lot of courage -- to move in the opposite direction."                                                                                                                                                     
%
"Imagination is more important than knowledge."
%
"Gravitation is not responsible for people falling in love."
%
"I want to know God's thoughts; the rest are details."
%
"The hardest thing in the world to understand is the income tax."
%
"Reality is merely an illusion, albeit a very persistent one."
%
"The only real valuable thing is intuition."
%
"A person starts to live when he can live outside himself."
%
"I am convinced that He (God) does not play dice."
%
"God is subtle but he is not malicious."
%
"Weakness of attitude becomes weakness of character."
%
"I never think of the future. It comes soon enough."
%
"The eternal mystery of the world is its comprehensibility."
%
"Sometimes one pays most for the things one gets for nothing."




2. Now you have to create a 'dat' file for obtaining random item. For that you can use a tool strfile. If you have fortune-mod installed then the tool will be available. Suppose the file created in lasst step is named einstein. To create the datafile, just type as follows
   

   
   hash@ssl51:~$ strfile einstein
   "einstein.dat" created  
   There were 14 strings   
   Longest string: 168 bytes
   Shortest string: 41 bytes
   

   
   


3. Now move both files to /usr/share/games/fortune
   

   
   hash@ssl51:~$ sudo mv einstein /usr/share/games/fortunes/
   [sudo] password for hash:
   hash@ssl51:~$ sudo mv einstein.dat /usr/share/games/fortunes/
   

   
   

hash@ssl51:~$ fortune einstein
"Imagination is more important than knowledge."

• concatenating pdf files
• splitting files
• update files
• ....
  

• Read text (entry)



hash@ssl50:~$ name=`zenity --entry --title="Example" --text="Your name please"`





• Calendar



hash@ssl50:~$ zenity --calendar --title="Example" --text="Select the day"




• Filechooser



hash@ssl50:~$ filename=`zenity --file-selection`





• Question
  
  
  hash@ssl50:~$ zenity --question --text="Are you sure ?" ; echo $?
  
  
  
  

• Using gconf editor

Open gconf-editor (type the command gconf-editor). Install the package gconf-editor if it is not already installed. Go to desktop>gnome>interface. Change value of font_name to the font and the size required. For example set it to "Sans 8". Size 8 is enough for me.


• Using gtkrc file

Create the file .gtkrc in your home folder and put the following in it.


style "user-font" {
    font_name = " Sans 8"
}
widget_class "*" style "user-font"
gtk-font-name="Sans 8"

Restart xserver (just logout and login again)

• Add note at any location of the page.
• Grab screen shots
  
• Drag note entries
• Tag each note entry (shortcuts are available for this)
  
  • important
  • todo lists
  • links
  • idea,information,personal
• Collapse lists
• Create links to files and urls
  
• Export
  

• Install squid
hash@ssl50:~$ sudo apt-get install squid squid-common
• Configure /etc/squid/squid.conf
Squid configurations uses acl. To allow local machines to connect to it you have to add access right to localnet The file contain an acl called localnet representing the local network..

acl localnet src 10.0.0.0/8     # RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 172.16.0.0/12  # RFC1918 possible internal network
acl localnet src 192.168.0.0/16 # RFC1918 possible internal network

You may change it or add your own network along with it. You can also see

# http_access allow localnet

Uncomment it. If the line is not there just add it.
Note down the http_port given in config file. Usually it is set to 3128. You may change it. This is the port number to which clients has to connect to for using the proxy server.
• Restart squid
hash@ssl50:~$ /etc/init.d/squid restart

• Add a share
  
  
  • Edit the file /etc/samba.smb and append the following (modify according to your requirements)
    

    [Programs]
    path = /home/hash/Programs
    valid users = hash
    read only = no
    create mask = 0777
    directory mask = 0777
    [Collection]
    path = /home/hash/Store
    guest ok = yes
    read only = no
    

  
  
  • Restart samba server
    

    hash@ssl50:~$ sudo /etc/init.d/samba restart
    * Stopping Samba daemons
    * Starting Samba daemons
    




• Adding a user
  
  • Adding the user hanoosh
    

    hash@ssl50:~$ sudo smbpasswd -a hanoosh
    New SMB password:
    Retype new SMB password:
    Added user hanoosh
    

  
  

hash@ssl50:~$ fortune
He who opens a school door, closes a prison.
            -- Victor Hugo

Setting up the server

• Obtain the ubuntu alternate install cd.

This is a text based (not commands) installation cd. The normal ubuntu cd, which is also used as live cd, can't be used for setting up the mirror.


• Mount the cd in some apache accessible location
  
$ mkdir /var/www/ubuntu
$ mount -o loop ubuntu-8.10-alternate.iso /var/www/ubuntu

Client

public class Example{
public static void main(String args[]) throws Exception {

    int[] values = { 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20 };

    for( int i : values)
    {
        System.out.println(i);
    }

}
}

$ fdisk /dev/sda
The number of cylinders for this disk is set to 30394.
There is nothing wrong with that, but this is larger than 1024,
and could in certain setups cause problems with:
1) software that runs at boot time (e.g., old versions of LILO)
2) booting and partitioning software from other OSs
(e.g., DOS FDISK, OS/2 FDISK)

Command (m for help):

Command action
a   toggle a bootable flag
b   edit bsd disklabel
c   toggle the dos compatibility flag
d   delete a partition
l   list known partition types
m   print this menu
n   add a new partition
o   create a new empty DOS partition table
p   print the partition table
q   quit without saving changes
s   create a new empty Sun disklabel
t   change a partition's system id
u   change display/entry units
v   verify the partition table
w   write table to disk and exit
x   extra functionality (experts only)

Command (m for help):

• To create a new partition

The sequence of commands required are given below



• Type fdisk followed by device file name as shown above.
  
• Press 'n' for creating a new partition.
• It will ask for partition type ( logical / primary )* . Select which ever is needed.
  
• Give the partition number
• Give the first cylinder number . Press Enter for default value.
  
• Give the last cylinder or the size required . For eg; +1024M for 1GB. Here also press Enter for default value
  
• To change file system type of the partition, press 't'
• Give the partition number
• Give hexcode of the required fs type ( press 'L' to get list of all fs types ).
• Press 'w' for writing the changes to disk. ( To exit without any change to partition table press 'q' ).
  
  


• To delete a partition
  
  • Type fdisk followed by device name as shown above.
    
  • Press 'n' for deleting a partition.
  • Give the partition number
  • Press 'w' for writing the changes to disk. ( To exit without any change to partition table press 'q' ).

1. Connect usb modem


2. Type wvdialconf

This will create a file called wvdial.conf (either in current directory or in /etc ). Better you keep the file /etc (just move it).

3. Modify the wvdial.conf to update the following

username , password, and phone number . For TATA Indicom modem the values are internet,internet and #777 respectively (please look at manual)

4. Type wvdial

This will take the config file from default location (/etc/wvdial.conf ) . Otherwise you specify the path with -C switch.

Now the connection would have started if signal is available. If everything is ready it will display default route OK.


5. To disconnect press Ctrl+c in the terminal where wvdial was started.